MAP Kinase Activation Antibody Kit

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a widely conserved family of serine/threonine protein kinases that include three major MAPKs: p38, JNK, and ERK. These MAPKs are involved in many cellular programs such as cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and death. Upon stimulation, the MAPKs are activated through a sequential protein kinase cascade consisting of MAPKKKs activating MAPKKs followed by dual phosphorylation and activation of MAPKs. p38 and JNK MAPKs participate in signaling cascades that control cellular responses to cytokines and stress. Activated p38 MAPK has been shown to phosphorylate and activate MAPKAP kinase 2 and to phosphorylate the transcription factors ATF-2, Max, and MEF2. Active JNK dimers can translocate to the nucleus to regulate transcription through phosphorylation of c-Jun, ATF-2, and other transcription factors. The ERK1/2 (p44/42) signaling pathway can be activated in response to a diverse range of extracellular stimuli including mitogens, growth factors, and cytokines. Activated ERKs have several downstream targets including p90RSK and Elk-1.

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